segunda-feira, 31 de agosto de 2020

Alguns links introdutórios e algumas citações destes sobre as diferentes tradições tântricas do hinduísmo e do bonismo (Yungdrung Bön)

Um artigo introdutório mas excelente explicando a linhagem tântrica Rajanaka:
'Tantra is a word commonly thrown around in the yoga world, and let's face the facts. What do you think about when someone says, "Tantra?" Sex.' "There is nothing wrong with this association, as the Tantric worldview encompasses physical intimacy and connection, but it is also very limiting as the tradition contains much greater texture and dimension.
"The Tantra is a vast tradition that represents many diverse schools and thoughts. This philosophical system began to take root in India around the seventh century, and ranges from more orthodox schools, which have structured rituals, meditations, and teacher-based initiations, to more liberal schools which have a reputation for defying social norms and using sexual practices as ritual, which is where the Tantra as sex association began.
The points to follow are from the point-of-view of the Rajanaka Tantra lineage -- a more centric school -- which embraces many Tantric teachings and makes them applicable to daily life. ..." https://www.doyou.com/5-reasons-to-practice-tantra-outside-the-bedroom-73143/

Outro excelente artigo introdutório: 
"Tantra Rising More and more Westerners are embracing Tantra as a means for transforming day-to-day experiences into a cause for blissful celebration. Can it change your life?" NORA ISAACSUPDATED:MAY 23, 2017ORIGINAL:AUG 28, 2007 https://www.yogajournal.com/yoga-101/tantra-rising
Um site com informações substanciais, tanto introdutórias como mais aprofundadas, sobre o assunto e que também contém vários links internos:

Uma visão mais aprofundada sobre o assunto sob o conceito mais abrangente do Shaktismo (Śāktism) no Hinduísmo:
Uma página introdutória no Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies 
A homepage do projeto: http://saktatraditions.org/

A página introdutória do site, explicando o tema de forma acessível: http://saktatraditions.org/home/

Na tradição ancestral xamânica tibetana Yungdrung Bön:
Nota: Apenas devo lembrar que a grafia das palavras tibetanas transliteradas não representa a pronúncia factual destas e também que a origem do Tantra Bön é distinta das hindus. Eis aqui um trecho do artigo de Mutsug Moran mencionando o fato nas linhas finais da página:

" ... However, the lineages for the Father and Mother Tantras of Bön drive from Tazig and Zhang-zhung rather than India. Originally these Bönpo Tantras were taught to certain great adepts or Mahasiddhas by Tönpa Shenrab in his manifestation as Chimed Tsugphud ('Chi-med gtsug-phud) in his previous life. At that time Sakyamuni was his disciple under the name of Sangwa Dupa (gSang-ba 'dus-pa, Skt. Guhyasamaja)." by Mutsug Marro https://dharmawheel.net/viewtopic.php?t=20806
"In terms of the Tantric teachings, within the Bönpo system there are found 4 types of Tantra, namely:
  1. "Bya-ba'i rgyud",
  2. "sPyod-pa'i rgyud",
  3. "Ye gshen gyi rgyud", and
  4. "Ye gshen chen-po'i rgyud" Then Mutsug Marro gives the explanation of each type in that excellent link: https://dharmawheel.net/viewtopic.php?t=20806

O 'Tantra-Mãe' do Bön: 
"This part of Lama Sangye Mönlam's comprehensive course of Ma Gyüd teachings covers Drol-Lam, the "way of liberation". The "Drol" of "Drol-Lam" is a more forceful liberation than the "Thar" of "Tharlam", the subject of last year's teachings. One might say, if samsara is a jail, then "Thar" corresponds to a successful jail-break, while "Drol" corresponds to destroying the jail completely.'
'The chapter contains detailed instructions for visualization practices that resemble bizarre thought experiments. Their unsettling quality jolts the mind out of its usual rut, and, with luck, we land in a state quite unlike any other, of pure consciousness without any object, clear and empty, and, above all, perfect. This so called natural state is the base that Tantra and Dzogchen have in common, and the important purpose of the Drol-lam chapter is to give an introduction to this state. ..." MA GYÜD - Bön mother Tantra http://yungdrung-bon.com/MaGyud/

Um estudo científico investigando uma possível conexão entre o tantra e a neurosciência
"Tantra and Modern Neurosciences: Is there any Correlation"
"Background and Aims: Many studies have conclusively proven that meditative techniques derived from the Indian systems of philosophy, meditation and ritual classified as “Tantra” can bring about sustained changes in the structure and function of the nervous system of practitioners. The aim of this study is to provide neuroscientists a framework through which to interpret Tantra, and thereby provide a foundation upon which future interdisciplinary study can be built."
Anand Venkatraman1, Rajarshi Nandy2, Shyam Sudarshan Rao3, Darshan Hemendra Mehta4, Anand Viswanathan5, Rama Jayasundar6 1 Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 2 Founder, Adhyatmikta, New Delhi, India 3 Department of Neurology, Brown University Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA 4 Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 5 Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 6 Department of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

A obra de Flavius Josephus "Antiquities of the Jews" em tradução inglesa dos seus vinte volumes para leitura online!

"Flavius Josephus of the Antiquities of the Jews"


Página sobre ele no site Jewish Virtual Library (em inglês):

Artigo:
"Titus Flavius Josephus and the Prophet Jeremiah -
Avishai Margalit contrasts the legacies of a historian and a prophet"
Biblical Archaeology Society Staff  July 26, 2020

Artigos sobre Flávio e suas obras
Wikipédia (em português): 
Sobre Flávio:

Sobre a obra específica desta postagem:

Sobre a obra contestada por alguns estudiosos, que menciona Yeshua (Jesus) como o Cristo, no livro 18 'Antiguidades Judaicas", parágrafos 63 e 64:
Testimonium Flavianum

Obra em tradução de A.C. Godoy:

"Antiguidades dos Judeus Contra Apion"

domingo, 30 de agosto de 2020

Se você é fã de fantasia mágica ou se interessa por seres sobrenaturais do folkore de diversos povos, conheça esta página com links incríveis para nomes de seres mágicos: Fantasy Land - Thousands of Fantasy Names Links!

"Fantasy Land"
http://www.lowchensaustralia.com/names/fantasylinks.htm

É importante ler o aviso muito lúcido que eles colocam logo ao início da página, sobre a possibilidade de 'broken link' (links que já não funcionam), e pedindo que os ajudem, enviando emails avisando sobre aqueles que apresentarem este problema:

"This website contains thousands of links to thousands of external websites. Although we check for, and correct broken links once monthly, it´s inevitable that you will encounter broken links throughout the site. It's very simple - they are not under our control. Web sites comes and go quickly on the internet. Sometimes sites disappear because the webmaster moved, lost interest, or died. Occasionally, they are removed by their ISP for legal or ethical reasons. Once in a while, a web site is simply moved to a different host. Please, assist us by emailing us to advise of a broken link, so we can correct it, or remove it immediately.

sexta-feira, 28 de agosto de 2020

Bnei anussim (marranos) Brazil-USA Sephardic Jews


Nota: o termo 'marranos' deve ser evitado, embora seja muito usual nestes estudos, pois originalmente tinha cunho fortemente pejorativo.

quarta-feira, 26 de agosto de 2020

Um artigo (PDF gratuito) imprescindível para quem realmente defende a secularidade, sem concessões a fundamentalismos religiosos, sejam eles quais forem: 'Stealth Theocracy' por Yvonne Tew

"Stealth Theocracy" by Yvonne Tew

Yvonne Tew

Georgetown University Law Center

Date Written: 2018
Leiam o 'Abstract' (resumo):

Abstract

"Theocracies are typically thought to be born through constitutional revolution, not evolution. 

This Article explores a subtler phenomenon of constitutional transformation involving the place of religion in a constitutional order through less transparent means of constitutional change. 

This Article offers an account of this phenomenon, which it calls “stealth theocracy.” 

It focuses on the fundamental alteration of a constitution’s religious or secular character through informal change by judicial and political actors, rather than through formal mechanisms like constitutional amendment or replacement. 

This Article explores this phenomenon by focusing on Malaysia as one of its clearest exemplars, before broadening its lens to consider its implications for other constitutional systems, as well as wider understandings on the place of religion and courts within a constitutional order. 

It examines how the elevation of Islam’s constitutional position has moved the Malaysian state from its secular foundations to an increasingly religious order. 

Courts are the main agents of this phenomenon: judicial mechanisms—like jurisdictional deference to the religious courts and judicial Islamization of the secular courts—have fueled a profound shift toward a more theocratic constitutional order.


This Article fills a void in the existing scholarship, which has left the establishment and expansion of the place of religion outside of formal constitutional mechanisms underexplored, by providing an account of a more subtle transformation of a constitution’s religious character by stealth. 

This Article also challenges the prevailing view of courts as secularizing institutions that constrain the rise of theocratic governance. It tells an inverse story of courts acting as theocratizing forces that expand religion’s role in the public order. 

Finally, the account it provides has implications for broader understandings on constitutional change, constitutional design, and constitutional identity."
Tew, Yvonne, Stealth Theocracy (2018). Virginia Journal of International Law, Vol. 58, No. 31, 2018, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3287923

Yvonne Tew

segunda-feira, 17 de agosto de 2020

Dicionário pictórico de hebraico-inglês com áudio!

Outra funcionalidade do dicionário do Seth é que tem letras de bom tamanho, o que facilita muito para pessoas com problemas de visão, além de usar os nikkudim, os diacríticos indicando a pronúncia das vogais. 

Com ele, você pratica seu inglês enquanto aprende hebraico, além de facilitar muito ao cérebro a fixação do significao pelo uso de fotos dos referentes das palavras!

Você apenas clica em alguma das imagens e será remetido a uma página com uma foto maior com as palavras escritas em caracteres hebraicos com os diacríticos, indicando a pronúncia das vogais, e , logo abaixo da foto, o botão com a setinha para ouvir o áudio da palavra:
https://my-hebrew-dictionary.com/list1.php

Dois exemplos:
https://my-hebrew-dictionary.com/air_conditioner.php

https://my-hebrew-dictionary.com/apple.php

segunda-feira, 10 de agosto de 2020

Oyfn Pripetshik- Legendado em português



Links relacionados:

Artigo da Wikipédia com excelente tradução portuguesa da letra, além da original nos caracteres hebraicos do alfabeto adaptado para o iídiche, que usa vogais, além de uma ótima transliteração do original:

https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oyfn_Pripetshik


Outra postagem neste mesmo blog, sobre obras de fantasia famosas traduzidas para o iídiche:

https://englishineverything.blogspot.com/2020/08/um-artigo-em-ingles-para-os-amantes-da.html


segunda-feira, 3 de agosto de 2020

Alguns artigos e sugestões de filmes judaico, de cultura secular ou terror com temática ortodoxa

"Film review: The Vigil This Chasidic chiller is the first horror film to be made in Yiddish" by Linda Marric
https://www.thejc.com/culture/film/film-review-the-vigil-1.502158

Alguns links relacionados ao tema:

https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/arts-letters/articles/shlocky-horror-picture-show

https://bloody-disgusting.com/reviews/3583655/tiff-review-vigil-introduces-new-kind-jewish-horror/

Um clip de 03:17 (três minutos e dezessete segundos) do filme "The Dybbuk" (falado em iídiche) de 1937 com duração de 123 minutos e legendas em inglês:
Nota: Há fartos dados sobre este obra cinematográfica ontológica, baseada na peça de S. Ansky escrita entre 1912 e 1917, no texto descritivo da página do vídeo:

The Dybbuk (Der Dibuk), 1937 -- Clip: Souls of the Dead

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjoCmYimeIo

"O Golem", impossível não citá-lo!

"Polish Animation Brings the Ancient Yiddish Legend of the Golem Back to Life" #film 
author: Mikołaj Gliński Published: Jan 13 2016
https://culture.pl/en/article/polish-animation-brings-the-ancient-yiddish-legend-of-the-golem-back-to-life

A literalmente deliciosa animação mencionada no artigo, narrada em inglês aqui:

The Golem of Rabbi Elijah - The legend of the Golem of Chelm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8gCIvFg11I


E, embora não seja de terror, para os amantes do lindo idioma iídiche, este exemplo de neorrealismo iídiche ressuscitando a tradição de documentários poloneses em iídiche antes e depois da Segunda Grande Guerra:
"Starring Nebbishes and Noodges, Yiddish Cinema Makes a Comeback"
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/movies/yiddish-cinema-makes-a-comeback-menashe.html