Um texto escrito por um curdo sobre a verdadeira origem de seu povo, com valiosa informação sobre a verdadeira classificação das línguas ou dialetos curdos na árvore linguística indo-europeia.

O texto é uma resposta dada no site "Quora" por um curdo amigo, sob o pseudônimo (usado por razões de segurança) de Mahmude Gundi. Ele é de Bashur, a parte do Curdistão atualmente ocupada pelo Iraque.

2 Answers

Mahmude Gundi, an ordinary citizen

489 Views • Most Viewed Writer in Turkey (country) with 90+ answers

The Kurds have their origins in the land of Karda. They are one of the indigenous people of the Middle East. More precisely, one of the indigenous people of south-eastern Turkey, north-eastern Syria, northern Iraq, north-western Iran and south-western Armenia.

The land of Karda was mentioned on a Sumerian clay tablet from the 3rd millennium BC and with that Sumerians meant the area between the south of Lake Van and the Zagros Mountains. Also, historical, linguistic and genetic studies point out to the origin of the Kurds being the Zagros Mountains in the northwest of Iran.  [1] [2]

The Babylonians referred to the Kurds as “Garda” and the Persians used the similar term to referrer to the people who were living around the Zagros Mountains in what is now northwest Iran. In 745 BC, the Assyrian king Tiglath-Pileser III declared war against a man by the name Kurti (Qurtie) and who was from the same area, the land of Karda. [3]

The ancient Kurds waged war with the Assyrians for almost 700 years. Later, an alliance of the Medes, the Elamites and the Kurds succeeded to bring down the Assyrian Empire in their areas. The Kurds coalesced with the Medes and adopted their language. The Medes have often been believed to be a starting point for the Kurdish ethnogesis. The reason why I said it is believed, because there is no strong proof of this yet, but also not one single scholar who has completely/strictly opposed to it either.

Corduene, which was an ancient region, which covered the land of Karda and some areas from Zagros mountains in present-day northern Iraq, was mentioned in many Jewish sources. Jewish sources traced the origins of the people of Corduene to the marriage of the mythical“Jinns” of King Solomon with beautiful Jewish women. Another the most interesting aspect in these legends is that, in the so-called Islamic Golden Age, King Solomon was also mentioned by the early Islamic scholars/authorities to explain the origin of the Kurds. Corroborated by a great deal of other historical documents and studies, Corduene remains the only region which can be considered as the most probable origin of the Kurds, with such reliable and solid evidences. That is the reason recent academic sources consider Corduene as the proto-Kurdish region. [4] [5] [6]

(60 BC Kingdom of Corduene, Source: Wikimedia)

The greatest discovery which has helped to clarify the origin of the Kurds was made when dialectologists succeeded in proving that the Kurdish language does not belong to the Southwestern Iranian language subdivision, to which the Persian language belongs to. The Kurdish language belongs to the Northwestern Iranian subdivision.  [7]

(Iranian languages family tree, Source: Wikimedia)

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There are tons of scientific theories, assumptions, claims, conspiracy theories and even some ludicrous rumors about the origin of the Kurds.

Here are some of such theories, claims and wild assumptions:

• The Kurds are Persians
  The Kurds aren’t Persians. The Kurds and Persians have lived together thousands of years and they have affected each other´s cultures and languages, however, they are still distinct peoples.
• There are no Kurds, they are mix of different people.
  There are still many among the Turkish people, including MPs and professors, who publicly claim that there are no such a thing as Kurds. That is the most absurd of all such claims, no doubt.
• The Kurds are Arabs
• The Kurds are actually Jews, because they are genetically close to each other.
  However, the sheer fact that they are genetically close to each other does not mean per se that they are same people.
• Thanks for the A2A.
• Footnotes
  [1] Iraq
  [2] The Name Kurd and its Philological Connexions
  [3] Iraq
  [4] The Kurds
  [5] http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/...
  [6] The Role of Hostages in Roman Diplomacy with Sasanian Persia
  [7] KURDISH LANGUAGE i. HISTORY OF THE KURDISH LA
• https://www.quora.com/Where-are-Kurds-from
• Obs.: 'A2A' é a seção do site "Quora" onde são feitas e respondidas as perguntas, a sigla significa "Asking to Answer".
• 
  
  Gostaria de destacar, em especial, um dos links dados por meu amigo em sua bibliografia para o texto que escreveu:
  
  
  'KURDISH LANGUAGE i. HISTORY OF THE KURDISH LANGUAGE -
  from Old and Middle Iranian times, no predecessors of the Kurdish language are yet known; the extant Kurdish texts may be traced back to no earlier than the 16th century CE.'
  
  
  http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kurdish-language-i